What to eat prior to training is a common area of concern, particularly with those new to exercise. We have all experienced nausea, bloating, cramping and lethargy during a session, something which is often blamed on eating too soon before exercise. This can of course be the case, however more often than not it’s the type and time that food is consumed that is key.
The body’s preferred source of fuel is carbohydrate, as it is readily available unlike protein and fat which must be broken down in order for them to be utilised by the body. Complex carbohydrates (wholemeal pasta, bread, rice, potatoes) take longer than simple carbohydrates (cane sugar, jam, sports drinks, biscuits) to break down but are the ideal source of food energy for training. Their energy is released at a more sustained rate, keeping blood glucose levels stable and keeping fatigue at bay. However due to their complex nature, they need to be eaten at least 3-4 hours prior to exercise to ensure adequate digestion and reduce any discomfort.
Simple carbohydrates are absorbed quicker and can therefore be consumed closer (up to one hour) to an event to top up fuel stores. They are also recommended during endurance activities that last >90 minutes as they cause limited stomach discomfort and can reduce the onset of fatigue. It should be noted however that simple carbohydrates (often known as high glycaemic index foods) raise blood sugar levels rapidly, which can also cause blood sugar slumps if not utilised soon after consumption. It is therefore essential that the timing of such foods are correctly built into your dietary plan. Suggested pre-exercise foods:
Less than one hour before exercise1. Fresh fruit such as apples, peaches, grapes, watermelon or oranges
2. Sports drinks / gels
3. Fruit or vegetable juice such as orange or tomato
Two to three hours before exercise1. Smoothies / fresh fruit
2. One-two slices of bread or a bagel
3. Medium pot of low-fat yoghurt
4. Breakfast cereal with low-fat milk (not high fibre varieties)
5. Sports drink
6. Banana
Three to four hours before exercise1. Lean meat / chicken salad
2. Pasta with tomato sauce
3. Baked potato with tuna / beans
4. Toast or bread with a small amount of peanut butter, lean meat or low-fat cheese
Early morning exerciseEating a meal two to three hours before training may not be possible when training early. Fluids can be used as an alternative at these times, as they can provide both fuel and fluid, with milkshakes and sports drinks being popular choices. Small amounts of fruit salad and cereal bars can also be incorporated if time allows.
Foods to Avoid Before Exercise Any foods with a lot of fat can be difficult and slow to digest, remaining in the stomach for a long time. They also will pull blood into the stomach to aid in digestion, which can cause cramping and discomfort. Meats, fries, crisps, and cereal bars should be avoided in a pre-exercise meal.
It’s important to remember that everyone is different and what works for one person may not work for another, even when undergoing the same training programme. Find and practise with what works for you!
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http://www.insideouttraining.co.uk/